Lead is a naturally occurring element found on earth.it is derivative of carbon and its symbol is Pb. Lead is found on the earth’s surface to some ratio and also in the atmosphere. It has been reported in some areas that lead composed 96 percent of the air.
Sources of the lead in the atmosphere:
Lead emitted from natural sources like volcanoes, windblown dust, and erosion are fewer as compared to concentration released by the anthropogenic sources. Mining and metal manufacturing is the main source of emanation of lead by human besides, it is emitted in the production of batteries, lead-based paint, and products, it is also being emitted by road vehicles in greater quantity. Lead, an ancient and big natural source is being used by the human since 500 BC in different spheres of life.
Lead get deposit in soil:
Due to its abundant use and composition in the atmosphere, the lead has an adverse effect on the environment. It is obvious from researches that the lead interacts with the soil and get deposited in it can remain on the soil for at least 200 years unaffected and can be consumed by humans and other living organism causing the malfunction or disorder in their systems.
How lead effects the plants
Lead get absorbed by the plants from soil and get into the leaves of the plants. The pores of the plants get covered by the lead and this prevents the light reaching the stomata of leaves resulting in a prohibition of the photo syntheses process in the plant. This result in stunting the growth of the plant such effects are studies on the hydroponically grown plants with lead 1-2ppm moisture in the soil.
How lead destroys the organisms:
Concentration of lead has the ability to wipe off some of the bacteria’s in the soil that are necessary for the decomposition of food chain and fertility of the soil it has been reported that it can also replace some microorganism by the organisms of same or different species necessary for the soil., lead also becomes more soluble in some microorganisms and get more easily absorbed by the plants in more concentration affecting the plant’s life,
Leads causes serous malfunctions on the animal’s life:
Leads effects the animal life also it affects their nervous system leading the Malfunction in their red blood cell production. Grazing animal are affected most their lead source are green plants they feed on however the concentration of calcium and phosphorous can reduce the leads intestinal absorption, The US EPA report states that “a regular diet 2-8 mg lead per kg of animal diet for an extended period of time will result in death in animals”
Adverse effects of lead on human health:
Lead effects the human life like wise animal life it move in to human body by food consumption (65%) by intake of water (20%) and by the air (15%)children below the 6 years of age are more susceptible of lead effects in this growing age if they get lead in the body instead of the required nutrition they may face the learning disabilities nervous problems, speech impairment and other malnutrition diseases. In adults, it causes high blood pressure, cancer, Harm to a fetus, fertility disorders in male and females, any sort of memories and nervous disorders. To avert such complications blood lead testing should be repeated conducted after a specific period of time, dust in a house should be reduced clean pure water should be drunk and eating healthy food habits should be brought in practice.
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