Some commom threats to Marine Ecosystem

Ecosystem   marks up the whole life span of organisms living in an ecosystem.  On the planet Earth, a great variety of ecosystems thrives according to the need of the organism living in it and the physical condition existing in that area. The Huge ecosystem is comprised of many smaller ecosystem like in a green land ecosystem there will be a small puddle or stagnant water ecosystem. A completely unique and small ecosystem will be found thriving under the rocky sediments also. This may be referred as the sub-ecosystems of the terrestrial ecosystem.

Marine ecosystem: the largest ecosystem:

Of the entire huge ecosystem on the planet earth, the marine ecosystem is the hugest ecosystem because the 70 % of the earth is comprised of the marine bodies.  The marine ecosystem consists of the 90 % of the living organisms on the whole planet earth.  There is a natural balance maintained in the ecosystem and every component of an ecosystem plays its vital role in maintaining it. If there becomes any change in any part of an ecosystem its effects can be seen in the whole ecosystem. Now as the time is changing the natural diversity of an ecosystem is getting disrupted and altered. The change in the ecosystem is alarming because it is causing some serious effects on the life inhibiting in an ecosystem. Here in this article we will discuss some of the threats our marine ecosystem is facing these days

Ocean dumping:

 Ocean dumping is a major threat to marine biomes. Human being is continuously dumping their discarded material into the seas and oceans. The material like plastics, when becomes in contact with marine life like fish, they chock it and the result is a decline in their species. Discarded ballast water from ship tends to generate the organisms that hinder the production of naturally existing marine animals. The oil spilled or discarded in oceans covers he wings and gillsof marine fishes and other marine animals causing them to die slowly and painfully.

Ocean acidification:

The rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing an upsurge in ocean acidification. The acidification is much harmful to marine life and is also affecting the human being as marine animals are being consumed by the human for protein intake.

 Ozone Depleting Substances:

The ship releases the pollutant chemicals like CFC, Halogens and other hydrocarbons that destroy the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the earth from the harmful effects of the ultraviolet radiation emitted from the sun.  The harmful polluting chemicals emitted from the ship destroys the ozone layer and thus adverse are faced by the marine biomes.

Release of SOx and NOx from ships :

Ships traveling in the ocean from one place to another emit two harmful gasses (NOX) and (SOX). These gasses destroys the ozone layers and also results in global warming. Both these actions affect the marine life adversely.

 Fishing and hunting of marine life stock:

 The marine animals are also hunted for domestic and commercial purposes. The net is spread in the sea unattended and many marine predators like shark, turtles got stuck in them. Such fishing practices are the cause of overfishing of ninety percent of globe’s voracious fish .Profitable hunting of whales, sharks and dolphins are also a reason for the decline of marine mammals .annually approximately 1 million sharks are killed for the sake of shark finning activity which quite in human practice.

Conservation And Benefits Of Ecosystem

Ecosystem provides us with the components and factors necessary for our survival on the planet Earth. it constitutes abiotic and biotic factor necessary for the survival of living organisms on the Earth .since the population is increasing rapidly and the industrial revolution is bringing up devastating change on the geography of the earth, the natural ecosystem is getting unbalanced. Result of this unbalance is that many of the rare species are getting extinct, the temperature of the earth is rising, ice on the glaciers is melting, sea level is rising, extreme drought is being experienced in some dry land areas and the vegetation yield is getting low. What the need of the hour is that we need to conserve and preserve the ecosystem and its essential components to harmonize the balance of ecosystem to reduce the alarming threats to nature and ecosystem.

Conservation of extinct habitat:

Destruction of forests should be restrained and more and more trees should be planted this will give an evolution to biodiversity; besides the extinction of the species will get ceased. Favorable conditions should be provided to the species that are getting extinct.

 

 Reduce the Eutrophication:

 The chemical substances and fertilizers used during the agriculture cause the eutrophication by supplying excess nitrogen and phosphorous to water bodies. We need to promote organic plantation instead of using fertilizers. Also the water in water bodies should be examined and treated by the swaggers to reduce the organic nutrient components in it.

Protect the ozone layer:

 The ozone layer protects the ultra violet rays of sun that damages the environments  and habitats on earth including  human destruction of ozone layer also tends to raise the temperature of earth that is making the vast glaciers to melt  to making the sea level rise. Ozone layer is getting destroyed by the emission of hydrocarbon gases by combustion of biomass fuels in vehicles and industries. Such activities should be brought in control to avert the rise of such gases in ecosystem.

 

Recycle  of waste material ;

Reduction of waste material is essentially important for securing ecosystem. Instead of using the goods that are to be wasted in future, use the recyclable materials or the materials that can be used again. In this ways the waste material discarded by dumping in earth will reduce. Besides, less expense is made in recycling the used product rather than making a new product from the raw material.

 Benefits of ecosystem ;

Interaction of organism in an ecosystem has great benefits on human being in term of health and well-being of human beings.

Ecosystem provides life support to all of its living components it provides them with foods and nutrient necessary for their life. The residue of living being in an ecosystem serves as nutrients for the soil and gases for the air in atmosphere. Human get medicine, energy sources, fresh water and natural minerals from the ecosystem. Besides, all that ecosystem lends human with spiritual enrichment and cognitive development,. Healthy ecosystem has recreational effects on the human beings along with meditative healing effects on him.

Harmful effects of pollution on Ecosystem

Ecosystem is basically a system made up of different kinds of living species as well as physical environment around them. For example, a farm pond having fishes and other organisms, a rain forest having plants, trees and animals and a mountain meadow having different kinds of plants and inhabitants are some typical examples of small ecosystems. Physical environment around them is also included. You can say that ecosystem is a community of living and nonliving things.

Processes followed by an ecosystem:

There are particular processes that are followed by ecosystem in a specific sequence/ pattern like birth, growth, reproduction, death and the most important is their interaction with one another and with the environment. Species which make themselves adaptive to different environmental conditions dominate while others become extinct.

Effect of pollution on an ecosystem:

In order to understand the effect of pollution on an ecosystem, you can take example of a pond, maybe somewhere near to your home. There is water and different species like fishes, plants and many other living organisms. Every system has a food chain in which every organism is in a producer and consumer relationship. From environment’s point of view, there is oxygen cycle as well as water cycle that withstand the organisms.

Sewage water can disturb many water species:

If environment gets polluted, the whole balance including food chain, water cycle and oxygen cycle will be disturbed and it will affect the organisms in different ways. Just a simple act of yours like introducing your sewage water or some toxic waste to the lake nearby your home can hover several life species as well as plants.

 

Waste from your home can ruin an ecosystem of a pond/lake:

Waste from your home contains oil, detergents and many toxic pollutants that can have a terrific effect on ecosystem. If water, which is home to different species, gets polluted then it can stimulate the plant growth and cause the demise of fishes due to suffocation caused by deficiency of oxygen. Moreover, this polluted water will also affect the other plants and animals dependent on it.